Hose and method of making same



f (No Model.)

. B. L. STOWE. I ,H0$E .ANDMBTHOD OF MAKING SAME,

No. 537,318. Patented'Apr. 9, 1895.

I men/for:

Unites STATES PATENT fission.

BENJAMIN L. s'rowE, or JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

HOSE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,318, dated April 9, 1895.

Application filed February 19, 1895- Serial No. 538,976. (No model.)

To all whom 2125 may concern.- 7

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN L. Srown, a

citizen of the United'States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Hose and the Method of Making the Same,of which the following is a specification.

The hose to which my invention relates is a rubber-lined seamless woven fabric hose. In hose of this kind composed of warp and weft or filling, whether in one or more "plies, the warp is iaid in straight longitudinal lines, while the weft or filling is deposited in a spiral line; and the rubber lining is inserted in the tubular fabric and united with the inner face thereof. Where this hose is subjected to internal pressure, it elongates, and both warp and weft or filling are subjected to tension. This tension has a tendency to unwind the weft or filling, with the result .of twisting the hose in a like direction until the warps are caused to assume a spiral form. If for example, in weaving the hose, the shuttles of the loom run with the sun, with the result of depositing the weft in the fabric in a left hand spiral, this hose under internal pressure will twist in a contrary direction or against the sun, causing the warps to change from the straight longitudinal lines in which they were 7 laid, and to assume a spiral form, the pitch of the spiral varying with the nature of the fabric and closeness of weaving, but at times reaching about five complete turns in a hose section fifty'feet in length. The result of this abnormal action is injurious upon the rubber lining, impairing its efficiency and durability; and is detrimental in other respects. The object of my invention is to remedy thisdifficulty and this object I find can be effectually attained by giving to the tubular fabric before the liningis secured to it, a preliminary twist equal to that which it would assume if subjected to internalpressure,'and then socuring the lining to the tubular fabric While the latter is in this twisted condition. Under these conditionsthe lining will hold the fabric permanently twisted, the result being that as the hose when subjected to internal pressure already possesses the twist it would otherwise receive as the result of that pressure there is no twisting movement when pressure is applied, and all the trouble arising from this source, is obviated.

The method of manufacture I pursue is as follows: The seamless tubular fabric is woven in the usual way, and the rubber lining is also made in any usual way, both of them being of any ordinary or suitable construction. They are also to be united together by the same appliances used to provide fabric hose with a rubber lining.

' What I doover and above the foregoing is the following; I first ascertain by experimental' test to what extent the kind of hose to be treated twists (when made as heretofore) at the required pressure. I then,in making my hose, take the unlined fabric and twist it in the same direction and to the same extent, that the hose twisted in the experimental test, and I hold it so twisted, while therubber lining, straight and without twist in it, is first drawn into and through said fabric, and is then steamed or cemented in and caused to adhere to and line the interior walls of the twisted fabric. As a consequence the lining holds the fabric permanently twisted, with the improved results hereinbefore adverted to. can be thus held by passing it through or between calender rolls set to press it gently and twisting the hose to the extent desired as it passes into the calenders; and this is the manner in which I now prefer to hold the fabric in twist. The same result can also be attained, although perhaps not so conveniently by twisting the fabric upon the steaming table, when the operation of joining the rubber lining to the Woven tubular fabric takes place, of course holding it thus twisted until the operation of joining the lining has been completed. For this purpose it can be fastened in heated condition to the nipples with which the table is provided, preferably dampening the fabric so that it will-better retain the twist when dry. 1

Other means of giving the preliminary twist to the fabric will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. The hose thus heated and made has its warps laid in perceptibly spirally laid lines as shown in the accompanying drawing which represents in sectional perspective a piece of The fabric hose made in accordance with my invention. In this drawing the hose is a seamless single ply woven fabric hose with a rubber lining.

The spirally laid weft or filling is shown at a in the sectional part of the figure; in the other part of the figure the filling is covered as usual by the warps but its spiral course is indicated by lines designated by the same reference letter a.

The warps are shown at I). They were of course originally laid in straightlines extending longitudinally of the fabric, but by the preliminary twisting of the fabric prior to uniting the lining thereto, have been caused to follow the spiral course indicated in the figure, the direction of this spiral being the reverse of that followed by the spirally laid weft.

The rubber lining is shown at c. It is inserted in the twisted tubular fabric straight and without twist and in this condition is united to the latter.

Having described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim herein as new,

and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. As a new article of manufacture, seamless woven fabric rubber lined hose, composed of a seamless Woven fabric, twisted to cause its warps to follow a spiral course the reverse of that followed by the spirally laid weft or filling, and a rubber lining, as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The method of making seamless woven fabric rubber lined hose, consisting in preliminarily twisting the fabric part of the hose in a direction opposite to that followed by its spirally laid weft or filling, and then securing a rubber lining to the fabric while the latter is maintained in twisted condition, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of February, 1895.

BENJAMIN L. STOWE.

\Vitnesses:

EVELYN NORRIS, FRANK It. GRADY. 

